Is it PMDD or just PMS? Understanding the differences and finding relief.

All Woman Could your symptoms be PMDD?

Sep 25, 2023 12:12 am • By

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Many women experience physical and emotional changes in the week or two leading up to their periods. These symptoms are often referred to as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and can include bloating, headaches, and breast tenderness. However, for some women, these symptoms can become more severe and debilitating, leading to a condition known as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).

Understanding PMDD

PMDD is a more serious form of PMS that causes both physical and emotional symptoms every menstrual cycle in the week or two before a woman’s period starts. These symptoms can be so severe that they interfere with daily life and may require professional help.

According to the US-based Cleveland Clinic, PMDD is characterized by extreme irritability, anxiety, or depression, in addition to traditional PMS symptoms. These symptoms typically improve within a few days after the period starts but can cause significant distress and disruption during the premenstrual phase.

The prevalence and symptoms of PMDD

PMDD affects up to 10 per cent of women of reproductive age, making it a relatively common condition. The symptoms of PMDD vary from person to person but typically include:

• Anger or irritability
• Feeling on edge, overwhelmed, or tense
• Anxiety and panic attacks
• Depression and suicidal thoughts
• Difficulty concentrating
• Fatigue and low energy
• Food cravings, binge eating, or changes in appetite
• Headaches
• Insomnia
• Mood swings

In some cases, the symptoms of PMDD can persist until menopause, adding an additional layer of complexity and potential long-term impact on a woman’s life.

Causes and risk factors

Experts are still uncertain about the exact causes of PMDD. However, it is believed that decreasing levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones after ovulation and before menstruation may trigger the symptoms. Additionally, changes in serotonin levels, a brain chemical that regulates mood, hunger, and sleep, may also play a role.

Some risk factors for developing PMDD include having a personal or family history of anxiety, depression, or mood disorders, as well as a history of trauma, abuse, or highly stressful events.

Complications and diagnosis

If left untreated, PMDD can lead to depression and, in severe cases, suicide. The disorder can cause significant emotional distress and negatively impact relationships and careers. Therefore, it is essential to seek a diagnosis and appropriate treatment if you suspect you may have PMDD.

Diagnosing PMDD typically involves a medical history evaluation and tracking symptoms over one or two menstrual cycles. Your healthcare provider will look for at least five PMDD symptoms, including one mood-related symptom. They will also rule out other conditions such as anxiety, depression, or reproductive disorders.

Treatment options for PMDD

If diagnosed with PMDD, your healthcare provider may recommend one or more of the following treatments:

• Antidepressants
• Hormonal birth control pills
• Dietary changes, such as reducing certain foods and caffeine. Some vitamins, such as B-6 and magnesium, may also help reduce symptoms.
• Over-the-counter pain medicines for physical symptoms such as cramps, headaches, and breast tenderness.
• Regular exercise to improve mood.
• Stress management techniques, such as deep breathing exercises and meditation.

It is important to work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the most suitable treatment plan for your individual needs.

Philosophical discussion and editorial

PMDD is a condition that affects a significant number of women, yet it is still not widely understood or discussed. The physical and emotional symptoms of PMDD can be severe, leading to a diminished quality of life and potential long-term consequences. It is crucial that society continues to raise awareness about PMDD and provides support for those affected by the condition.

Moreover, there is a broader question about how society views and addresses women’s health concerns. Historically, women’s health issues have been dismissed or overlooked, often attributed to hormone imbalances or deemed as mere fluctuations associated with the menstrual cycle. This dismissive attitude towards women’s health has perpetuated a lack of research, understanding, and targeted treatments for conditions like PMDD.

Efforts must be made to destigmatize discussions around women’s health, including conditions like PMDD. Open dialogue and education can lead to increased understanding, empathy, and ultimately, more effective treatment options.

Advice for women experiencing PMDD

If you suspect that you may have PMDD, it is important to reach out to your healthcare provider. Keep track of your symptoms and how they affect your daily life. This information can be valuable in helping your provider make an accurate diagnosis and develop an individualized treatment plan.

Additionally, seek support from friends, family, or online communities dedicated to PMDD or women’s health. Connecting with others who understand your experiences can provide a sense of validation and solidarity.

Remember that you are not alone in your journey with PMDD. With the right support and treatment, it is possible to manage and alleviate the symptoms of this condition, leading to a better quality of life.

is a current affairs commentator and writer, specializing in women’s health and social issues.