Inaccurate Perception Busted: Napoleon was not short

Debunking the Myth: Napoleon‘s Height

By Joseph Le Corre

For centuries, the image of Napoleon Bonaparte as a short man has persisted in popular culture. However, recent historical research suggests that this perception may have been influenced by English propaganda rather than historical accuracy. Contrary to popular belief, Napoleon was likely taller than the average height of his time. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the evidence surrounding Napoleon‘s height and debunk the long-standing myth of his short stature.

An Accurate Measurement

There are several recorded measurements of Napoleon‘s height throughout his life. According to the Memoirs of Louis-Joseph-Narcisse Marchand, Napoleon‘s valet, he measured 5 feet, 2 inches, and 4 lines, which is approximately 1.686 meters. General Gaspard Gourgaud, who accompanied Napoleon in 1815 during their journey to Saint Helena, measured him at five feet, two and a half inches, or 1.692 meters. Although there are slight variations in other measurements, the average estimate places Napoleon‘s height at around 1.69 meters.

Average Height for the Time

While 1.69 meters may appear short compared to the average height of men in France today, it is important to consider the historical context. In 1900, the average height for men was only 1.66 meters, and during the Napoleonic era, the average height is difficult to ascertain due to a lack of national statistics. However, based on the minimum height requirements for military service, which was 1.65 meters in 1776 and 1.62 meters in 1792, Napoleon‘s height was not considered unusually short for his time.

English Propaganda

The idea that Napoleon was short can be traced back to the propaganda spread by the English, who were Napoleon‘s adversaries during his reign. As historian François Reynaert explains, the English caricaturists depicted Napoleon as a short figure, emphasizing his use of a telescope on the coast of Boulogne to symbolize his dream of invading the English shores. This portrayal stuck, and in Great Britain, Napoleon became forever associated with being a rooster-like short man. Furthermore, the illusion of his short stature was enhanced by his proximity to the tall soldiers of the Imperial Guard, who stood at least 1.83 meters and wore imposing headdresses known as “oursons.”

The Psychological Complex

It has been suggested that Napoleon‘s perceived height complex fueled his relentless drive for power and conquest. This theory aligns with the concept of the “Napoleon complex,” a term coined by Austrian psychiatrist Alfred Adler. However, this complex has been heavily debated, and many researchers argue that it is a myth. Numerous examples throughout history demonstrate that physical stature is not a determining factor in one’s ability to be a great political leader. General Charles de Gaulle, towering at 1.96 meters, and historical figures like Louis XVI (1.90 m), Abraham Lincoln (1.93 m), and François I (1.98 m) prove that greatness transcends height.

Editorial: Rethinking Historical Perceptions

The persistent belief in Napoleon‘s short stature serves as a reminder of the power of historical myths and the influence of propaganda on popular perception. It is important for researchers, historians, and the public to critically examine historical narratives and challenge inaccurate beliefs. By shedding light on the truth about Napoleon‘s height, we can reassess our understanding of one of history’s most influential figures and appreciate the complexities and achievements of his legacy.

What Can We Learn?

As we move forward, it is crucial to be mindful of the impact of perception on history. The case of Napoleon‘s height demonstrates how inaccurate perceptions can endure for centuries and influence our understanding of historical figures. By questioning established beliefs and seeking evidence-based knowledge, we can develop a more nuanced and accurate understanding of the past. Let us not allow misconceptions to cloud our judgment and prevent us from recognizing the true achievements and contributions of historical figures.